Dinâmica populacional e parasitismo natural de Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) em pomares de citros em Sergipe
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v11i1.720Keywords:
Ecologia, Fatores abióticos, Monitoramento populacional, Psilídeo-dos-citros, Tamarixia radiata, Abiotic factors, Asian citrus psyllid, Ecology, Population monitoringAbstract
Resumo. O psilídeo, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Liviidae), por ser vetor da bactéria causadora do Hunglongbing (HLB), tornou-se uma praga-chave dos citros no Brasil. Além dos citros, a planta ornamental conhecida como murta-de-cheiro, Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, também é hospedeira do psilídeo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a dinâmica populacional do psilídeo em pomares de citros e o seu parasitismo em citros e murta-de-cheiro no estado de Sergipe, o quarto maior produtor de citros do Brasil. As avaliações foram realizadas quinzenalmente durante onze meses em sete pomares de laranjeira Pera Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck localizados em dois municípios (Boquim, e Umbaúba). As populações de ovos, ninfas e adultos de D. citri foram comparadas entre todos os pomares e todas as fases de vida foram relacionadas com os fatores abióticos, temperatura, umidade relativa e precipitação de cada localidade. O psilídeo D. citri foi classificado como espécie acessória (pouco abundante) nos pomares de Sergipe, apresentando maior densidade populacional nos meses de novembro, dezembro e março. A precipitação foi o único fator abiótico que contribuiu para o aumento populacional de adultos do psilídeo. Altas taxas de parasitismo (55 %) de ninfas do psilídeo pelo parasitoide exótico Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) foram detectadas em plantas de murta-de-cheiro. Com base nos resultados, caso a bactéria seja detectada em Sergipe, para o manejo do vetor, amostragens de menor intervalo deverão ser realizadas nos meses da primavera e verão. Adicionalmente, o parasitoide T. radiata poderia ser liberado inundativamente em programas de manejo integrado do vetor.
Population dynamics and natural parasitism of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) on citrus orchards in Sergipe state
Abstract. The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Liviidae), which is the vector of the Hunglongbing (HLB) bacterium, has become a key citrus pest in Brazil. In addition to citrus, the ornamental plant known as Orange Jasmine, Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, also hosts the psyllid. The present work aimed at studying the population dynamics of the psyllid in citrus orchards and its parasitism in citrus and M. paniculata in the state of Sergipe, the fourth largest citrus-producing state in Brazil. The evaluations were performed fortnightly for eleven months in seven Pera Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck orange orchards located in two municipalities of Sergipe state (Boquim, and Umbauba). The populations of eggs, nymphs and adults of D. citri were compared among all orchards and all developmental stages were related to the abiotic factors temperature, relative humidity and precipitation, in each locality. The psyllid was classified as an accessory species (not very abundant) in the orchards of Sergipe, showing a higher population density in November, December and March. Precipitation was the only abiotic factor that contributed to the population increase of adults of the psyllid. High rates of parasitism (55%) of psyllid nymphs by the exotic parasitoid Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were detected in M. paniculata plants. Based on the results, if the HLB bacterium is detected in Sergipe, shorter samplings should be performed in the spring and summer months aiming at vector management. In addition, T. radiata could be released inundatively in integrated vector management programs.
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