Coleopterofauna (Insecta: Coleoptera) coletada em armadilhas com óleo essencial de citronela ou seus componentes no município de Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v11i2.734Keywords:
Análises faunísticas, citronelal, citronelol, compostos atrativos, diversidade, Attractive compounds, citronellal, citronellol, diversity, faunistic analysisAbstract
Resumo. Coleoptera é a ordem mais numerosa e diversificada de Insecta. Possuem diversos tipos de alimentação, sendo que os besouros herbívoros atacam cultivos agrícolas e plantas ornamentais causando prejuízos aos agricultores. Conhecer as espécies que afetam o cultivo local é uma forma de diminuir seu impacto e propor formas de manejo corretas. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar os coleópteros coletados em armadilhas contendo o óleo de citronela ou seus componentes (citronelal, citronelol e geraniol) instaladas em Ponta Grossa, Paraná e, caracterizar a coleopterofauna através de diferentes análises ecológicas. Somente os coleópteros foram identificados e contabilizados. O programa ANAFAU analisou: índices de frequência, abundância, dominância e constância. Pelo PAST avaliou-se a diversidade, equitatividade e similaridade da comunidade atraída pelas armadilhas. Foram coletados 1269 coleópteros, distribuídos em 23 famílias. Diabrotica speciosa (Germar)foi a única espécie superdominante, superabundante, superfrequente e constante ao longo de toda a amostragem, correspondendo a 54,68% das coletas. Citronela 1% (25,22%), citronelol 1% (25,06%) representaram 50,28% das capturas. Citronela 1% teve a maior diversidade e riqueza de espécies e citronelol 0,5% a menor. O citronelal 1% e o citronelol 1% apresentaram maior similaridade entre as espécies capturadas nestas duas armadilhas. É possível inferir que a distribuição dos coleópteros capturados nos compostos ocorreu devido à presença de moléculas do atrativo também estarem presentes em seus feromônios. O elevado número de D. speciosa coletadas confirma o potencial atrativo dos compostos testados que podem vir a auxiliar na redução de pragas agrícolas, diminuindo o uso de agrotóxicos.
Coleopterofauna (Insecta: Coleoptera) collected in traps with essential oil of citronella or its components in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
Abstract. Coleoptera is the most numerous and diverse order of Insecta. They have various feeding behaviors, being that herbivorous beetles attack agricultural crops and ornamental plants, causing losses to farmers. Knowing the species that affect the local culture is a way to reduce its impact and to propose correct ways of handling them. The objectives of this research were to identify Coleoptera collected in traps containing citronella oil or its components (citronellal, citronellol and geraniol) installed in Ponta Grossa, Paraná, and to characterize the coleopterofauna through different ecological analysis. Only beetles were identified and counted. The ANAFAU program analyzed: indices of frequency, abundance, dominance and constancy. For PAST, the diversity, equity and similarity of the community attracted by the traps was evaluated. A total of 1269 beetles were collected, distributed in 23 families. Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) was the only superdominant, superabundant, superfrequent and constant species throughout the whole sampling, corresponding to 54.68% of the captures. Citronella 1% (25.22%) and citronellol 1% (25.06%) represented 50.28% of the catches. Citronella 1% had the highest diversity and species richness and citronellol 0.5% the lowest. Citronellal 1% and citronellol 1% showed greater similarity between the species captured in these two traps. It is possible that the distribution of the Coleoptera captured in the compounds occurred due to the presence of attractive molecules also being present in their pheromones. The high number of D. speciosa collected confirms the attractive potential of the tested compounds that may help to reduce agricultural pests, reducing the use of agrochemicals.
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