Bioatividade do óleo essencial de Lippia sidoides Cham. (alecrim-pimenta) sobre Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Crysomelidae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v11i2.737Keywords:
Alecrim pimenta, caruncho, Inseticidas botânicos, repelência, Vigna unguiculata, Botanical insecticides, repellency, Rosemary, WeevilAbstract
Resumo. Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr.), caruncho, é considerado o principal inseto infestante de grãos e sementes de feijão-caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] armazenados por causar danos diretos e indiretos levando perdas econômicas ao agricultor. Derivados botânicos têm sido utilizados na forma de pós, extratos e óleos essenciais no controle de carunchos de grãos armazenados por causa de seu efeito inseticida, repelente, inibidor de alimentação e regulador de crescimento. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a mortalidade, a eficiência e a repelência do óleo essencial de alecrim-pimenta (Lippia sidoides Cham.) sobre caruncho do feijão-caupi em diferentes concentrações: 4,0; 3,5; 2,5; 2,0 e 0,0 µL, as quais, no experimento confinado foram pipetadas com uma pipeta automática sobre os grãos de feijão-caupi cv. BRS Guariba e acondicionados em frascos de polietileno com capacidade de 45cm3 foram adicionados 10 insetos, que ficaram confinados por 96 h. No experimento com chance de escolha, utilizou-se uma arena de seis vias, composta por frascos com a mesma capacidade, quantidade de grãos, insetos e concentrações de óleo mencionado no experimento anterior. Os insetos permaneceram confinados por 24 h. O delineamento utilizado para os dois experimentos foi inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise variância (ANOVA) e as médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade através do programa ASSISTAT VERSÃO 7.5. A eficiência foi calculada através da fórmula de Abbott. Todas as concentrações apresentaram ação inseticida, foram repelentes e eficientes no controle de C. maculatus.
Bioactivity of the essential oil of Lippia sidoides Cham. (rosemary-pepper) on the Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Chysomelidae)
Abstract. Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr.), weevil, is considered the main insect infesting of grains and seeds of cowpea-been [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] stored for causing direct and indirect damages leading to economic losses to the producer. Botanical derivatives have been used in the form of powders, extracts and essential oils in the control of stored grain weevil because of their insecticidal effect, repellent, feed inhibitor and growth regulator. In this work, mortality, efficiency and repellency of rosemary essential oil (Lippia sidoides Cham.) on cowpea-been weevil were evaluated in different concentrations: 4.0; 3.5; 2.5; 2.0 and 0.0 ?L, which, in the confined experiment, were pipetted with an automatic pipette on the grains of cowpea-beans cv. BRS Guariba in polyethylene flasks with a capacity of 45cm³ and later, 10 insects were added, which were confined for 96 h. In the experiment with chance of choice, a six-way arena was used, consisting of bottles with the same capacity, quantity of grains, insects and oil concentrations mentioned in the previous experiment. Insects remained confined for 24 h. The design used for the two experiments was completely randomized with five replicates. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the averages were compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability through the ASSISTAT VERSION 7.5 program. Efficiency was calculated using the Abbott formula. All the concentrations presented insecticide action, were repellent and efficient in the control of C. maculatus.
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