Biodiversidade e Sazonalidade de Cigarrinhas (Hemiptera: Membracidae) em Cacaueiros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v9i1.567Keywords:
Fatores climáticos, Parasitoides, Pragas, Sombreamento, Theobroma cacao, Climatic factors, Parasitoids, Pests, Shading.Abstract
Resumo. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a diversidade de membracídeos associados ao cacaueiro e determinar a sazonalidade das espécies mais comuns, em duas áreas sombreadas, no município de Linhares, Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Para as amostragens foram utilizadas doze armadilhas tipo bandeja amarela, instaladas aleatoriamente em cada área, espaçadas entre si por 30 metros e colocadas sobre estacas de madeira a uma altura de 1 metro acima do nível do solo. O material foi coletado semanalmente durante o período de agosto/2011 a julho/2012. Amostras de frutos, ramos e folhas que continham posturas, ninfas e adultos das cigarrinhas foram coletadas e mantidas em laboratório para a eventual emergência de parasitoides e catalogação das espécies. Por meio de armadilhas foram coletados 16.094 exemplares de membracídeos pertencentes a 30 espécies, sendo 58,7 % na primeira área (com 70 % de sombra) e 41,3 % na segunda área (60 % sombra). A espécie mais abundante foi Horiola picta (Coquebert) compreendendo 87,2 % do total coletado. Plantas de cacaueiro são confirmadas como hospedeiras de H. picta, Membracis tectigera Olivier, Membracis dorsata Fabricius, Membracis mimica Walker, Anobilia sp., Phormophora maura (Fabricius), Leioscyta pulchella Funkhouser e Enchenopa squamigera (Linnaeus). Parasitoides pertencentes às famílias Mymaridae e Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) foram obtidos de ovos de H. picta, Anobilia sp., L. pulchella, M. tectigera e P. maura.
Biodiversity and Sazonality of Treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae) in Cocoa
Abstract. The aim of this study was to identify the treehoppers diversity associated with cocoa plantation and to determine the seasonality of the most common species in two shaded areas, in the municipality of Linhares, Espirito Santo State, Brazil. For the sampling, twelve yellow-tray traps were randomly set in each area, spaced from one another in 30 m., placed on wooden stakes at a height of 1.0 m. above ground level. Weekly the collected material was taken during August/2011 to July/2012. Also samples of fruits, branches and leaves containing postures, nymphs, and adults of the treehoppers were collected and maintained in the laboratory for the eventual emergence of parasitoids and cataloging of the species. Through the traps were collected 16,094 exemplars of treehoppers belonging to 30 species, of which, 58.7 % in the first area (70 % shade) and 41.3 % in the second area (60 % shade). The most abundant species was Horiola picta (Coquebert) comprising 87.2 % of the total collection. Cocoa trees are confirmed to be the host plant of H. picta, Membracis tectigera Olivier, Membracis dorsata Fabricius, Membracis mimica Walker, Anobilia sp., Phormophora maura (Fabricius), Leioscyta pulchella Funkhouser and Enchenopa squamigera (Linnaeus). Parasitoids belonging to the families Mymaridae and Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) were obtained from the eggs of H. picta, Anobilia sp., L. pulchella, M. tectigera and P. maura.
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